Author name: Ali Hassaan Mughal, Noor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal

Reducing Maintenance Burden in Behaviour-Driven Development: A Paraphrase-Robust Duplicate-Step Detector with a 1.1M-Step Open Benchmark

Ali Hassaan Mughal, Noor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal / April 28, 2026

arXiv:2604.20462v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Context. Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) suites in Gherkin accumulate step-text duplication
with documented maintenance cost. Prior detectors either require runnable tests or are
single-…

cs.CL, cs.IR, cs.SE

Finding Duplicates in 1.1M BDD Steps: cukereuse, a Paraphrase-Robust Static Detector for Cucumber and Gherkin

Ali Hassaan Mughal, Noor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal / April 23, 2026

arXiv:2604.20462v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) suites accumulate step-text duplication whose
maintenance cost is established in prior work. Existing detection techniques require
running the tests (Binamungu et…