Introduction: The Modern Crisis — Data Sovereignty.In early to mid-2023, global technology enterprises became acutely aware of a significant threat to their privacy and data security. The source of this issue was the employees themselves; whether inten…
How fine-tuning made my chatbot worse (and broke my RAG pipeline)I spent weeks trying to improve my personal chatbot, Virtual Alexandra, with fine-tuning. Instead I got increased hallucination rate and broken retrieval in my RAG system.Yes, this is a s…
Once at ingestion to make them findable. Again at retrieval to actually answer the question.Here’s the standard advice for building a multimodal RAG system: take your PDF, extract images, run them through a vision model, store the summaries as text chu…
The core architectures behind production-grade retrieval systems: chunking strategy, hybrid search, query transformation, self-corrective retrieval, and agentic orchestrationLarge Language Models are remarkably capable text generators. Given enough par…
Every LLM you have ever talked to learned everything it knows by reading an enormous amount of text before you ever typed a single word. Books, research papers, websites, code, and Wikipedia. Billions of tokens, ingested during training. Once training …
Prompting isn’t enough anymore — reliable AI agents need systems, guardrails, and feedback loopsContinue reading on Towards AI »
A first-principles guide for AI agent builders — understand how demonstration learning, retrieval, preference optimization, and…Continue reading on Towards AI »
👉 The will be provided at the end 🙂You’ve probably seen the demo. Someone drops a PDF into a chat interface, asks a question about page 47, and the AI answers accurately. It looks like magic. Then you try to build it yourself and spend three days debug…
Why My RAG System Struggled with the Bible — and How I Fixed ItIntroductionI was building a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system for a Bible question-answering application when I ran into a surprising problem. The system worked well for direct v…