Follow the Path: Reasoning over Knowledge Graph Paths to Improve Large Language Model Factuality

arXiv:2505.11140v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce fs1, a simple yet effective method that improves the factuality of reasoning traces by collecting them from large reasoning models and grounding them in knowledge graph (KG) paths. We fine-tune eight instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) on 3.9K factually grounded reasoning traces and rigorously evaluate them on six complex open-domain question-answering (QA) benchmarks encompassing 23.9K questions. Our results demonstrate that our fs1-tuned model consistently outperforms instruction-tuned counterparts with parallel sampling by 6-14 absolute points (pass@16). Our detailed analysis shows that fs1 considerably improves model performance over more complex questions (requiring 3 or more hops on KG paths) and numerical answer types compared to the baselines. Furthermore, in single-pass inference, we notice that smaller LLMs show the most improvements. While prior works demonstrate the effectiveness of reasoning traces primarily in the STEM domains, our work shows strong evidence that anchoring reasoning to factual KG paths is a critical step in transforming LLMs for reliable knowledge-intensive tasks.